Rafael Ramírez
Biography
Rafael Ramírez is former Venezuelan Foreign Affairs Minister (2014) and UN Ambassador (2014-2017); Venezuelan Oil Minister and CEO of PDVSA (2002-2014).
Image 
E-mailLinkedinTwitter/XFacebook
Publications
Data pubblicazione
The Heavy Price of the Iran War on the Energy Markets – and Beyond
Autori
Rafael Ramírez
Details
In: IAI Commentaries
26|15
Rome, IAI, March 2026, 4 p.
Data pubblicazione
Venezuela: What Transition Ahead?
Autori
Rafael Ramírez
Details
In: IAI Commentaries
25|63
Rome, IAI, December 2025, 4 p.
Data pubblicazione
The Domestic and International Predicament of Venezuela after the 2024 Election and Oil Sanctions
Autori
Rafael Ramírez
Details
In: IAI Commentaries
25|25
Rome, IAI, April 2025, 6 p.