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Mining in DRC and Ghana: A Legal Overview

Many mineral-rich African countries have revised their mining policy frameworks in recent years to secure greater national benefits in terms of raising government ‘take’, increasing opportunities for local companies to participate in mining supply chains, and requiring that more mineral processing be undertaken locally. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Ghana are no exceptions, with significant revisions to their mining frameworks being undertaken in 2018 and 2025-26, respectively. This trend has become more pronounced in recent years amid growing global demand for critical minerals and African countries’ desire to leverage their resource wealth to ignite local industrialisation. With policy frameworks evolving, it is worth understanding the various components that make up these countries’ normative and contractual frameworks as they have a direct bearing on project economics, investment profitability and the competitiveness of African countries’ mining sectors.