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Common Challenges, Complementary Strengths: Italy, the EU and the UK in the Clean Energy Transition

Italy, the EU and the UK share aligned climate ambitions, overlapping clean technology strategies and common vulnerabilities in critical raw material supply chains. Against a backdrop of growing strategic competition with China and rising economic pressure, deeper trilateral cooperation offers significant mutual benefits. Priority areas include expanding cross-border electricity interconnections, linking emissions trading schemes, developing compatible frameworks for carbon capture and storage, coordinating critical mineral diplomacy – especially in Africa – and aligning industrial policies to avoid unnecessary friction between partners whose long-term interests converge. Italy’s institutional weight within the EU and its distinctive Mediterranean and African diplomatic reach make it a pivotal actor in advancing this agenda.