IAI NOTES

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No.11 - December 2018

Europe’s Russia sanctions

The naval skirmish in the Sea of Azov marks a new phase in the festering conflict between Ukraine and Russia. It suggests that the approach Europe has taken regarding sanctions is no longer sufficient to contain Russia and prevent escalation in Ukraine. A different path has to be taken. Instead of tying the decision to lift sanction to the implementation of the Minsk peace agreement, the EU should spell out a clearer set of criteria: one based on violation of international law and human rights.

Nathalie Tocci
@NathalieTocci

Nona Mikhelidze
@nona.mikhelidze

Regionalism in South America

The South American regional shift to conservative and free market-oriented ideas will affect the nature and the scope of regional integration. Bolsonaro’s presidency of Brazil is likely to be a turning point as he will reconfigure Brazil’s foreign policy, reducing multilateral regional mechanisms while promoting bilateral agreements. If Brazil no longer promotes multilateral efforts – as it did in the past – South America will retreat from any significant attempt to improve regional cooperation.

Nicola Bilotta
@Nicola Bilotta

EU-North Africa relations

EU policies towards North Africa should be built on greater cognizance of the African context. Negotiations over a new framework for relations after 2020 provide the opportunity to rethink the growing connections between North Africa and the sub-Saharan continent in economic, political and security terms and to move away from the prevailing Euro-centric perspective on North Africa as the Old Continent’s backyard. This would contribute to fostering inter-regional cooperation and empowering continent-wide institutions (such as the African Union).

Silvia Colombo
@silvius_colombo

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