European Security and Defence Forum
(2009 - 2012)
Project directors: S.Silvestri
Researchers: A.Marrone
IAI is cooperating with Chatham House (The Royal Institute of International Affairs) on the "European Security and Defence Forum", a three-year initiative launched in the UK with the active support of Finmeccanica. The Forum will analyse issues of European security and defence, bringing together the business community, NGOs and defence policy analysts. It will work to promote debate on these topics, draw the attention of academic and non­governmental spheres to defence policy, encourage comparative and interdisciplinary studies and disseminate policy-oriented results to politicians and the public.

Forza NEC programme and Europe 
(January 2011 - October 2012)
Project directors: S.Silvestri, M.Nones
Researchers: A.Marrone, A.Nativi, S.Felician
Sponsor: Selex Sistemi Integrati
The main goal of this project is to examine how the growing complexity of the international security environment, the increasing "joint and combined" dimension of military operations, and the new technologies including information technology do influence the net-centric posture of major European countries. Particularly, the focus is on the Italian Ministry of Defence programme “Forza NEC”, aimed to make the Italian Army more able to conduct net-centric operations and more interoperable with Allies armed forces through the involvement of important Italian industrial partners. The study also consider the British and French case studies, as well as the perspectives of international cooperation. The study was published in the series Quaderni IAI and presented at a round table held in Rome, on 21 November 2011.

Landscaping - Identifying the mismatch between requirements and planned capabilities: Air Operations
(February 2012 - October 2012)
Project directors: A.Marrone
Researchers: S.Silvestri, A.Ungaro, A.Traballesi
Partners: Fondation pour la Recherche Strategique (FR), Royal Aerospace Society (UK)
Sponsor: European Defence Agency (EDA)
The project is aimed to analyze future gaps between European Armed Forces’ air capabilities and the requirements derived from plausible scenarios of Air Power’s use. Trends influencing next future scenarios, including technological innovations, and levels of ambitions outlined by EU and NATO will be addressed, together with lessons learned from recent crisis management operations. Such exercise will lead to the formulation of policy recommendations regarding the development and/or acquisition of air capabilities deemed necessary to react to future security challenges and crisis. The study considers European air capabilities in a joint perspective, being them under Air Force, Navy or Army command. IAI is the coordinator of the research project.

SAGA - Satellite Advanced Global Architecture for Security
(October 2011 - August 2012)
Project director: JP. Darnis
Researchers: N. Sartori, A. Veclani
Partners: Astrium Satellite (Coordinator), IAI, ISDEFE, Astrium Services, EUTELSAT e INMARSAT
Sponsor: European Space Agency (ESA)
The main objective of the project is to identify potential innovative solutions for the realization of a global satellite architecture providing communication services that respond to the technical and operational exigencies expressed by public safety & security end-users. The involvement of operational end-users is a key aspect in order to identify those gaps – in terms of infrastructure, technology and governance – that currently limit the efficient use of SATCOM capabilities, either fixed or mobile, in operational contexts.

NEWA – New European WAtcher
(August 2010 - March 2012)
Project directors: JP.Darnis
Researchers: N. Sartori, A.Veclani
Partners: Thales Alenia Space Italia (TASI, Coordinatore), Telespazio (TPZ), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (FRS), INDRA Espacio (INDRA), Selex System Intgration Limited, Thales Systems Aeroportes S.A. (TSA).
Sponsor: European Union - 7th Framework Programme
Project aimed at the development of space-based radar technology for the detection, identification, and tracking of moving objects. IAI has a role in defining security scenarios in which such technology could be used.

G-MOSAIC - GMES services for Management of Operations, Situation Awareness and Intelligence for regional Crises
(January 2009 - March 2012)
Project directors: JP.Darnis
Researchers: V.Miranda, S.Silvestri, A.Veclani
Partners: Telespazio (Coordinator) Consortium of European companies and research institutes with the principal aerospace industries
Sponsor: European Union - 7th Framework Programme
Within the context of the GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security) initiative for security, G-MOSAIC research project aims at developing services for the provision of geo-spatial information in support to EU external relations and security policies and actions for the prevention and management of external regional crisis.

ICPA (ISR Capability Package Assessment study)
(January 2011 - January 2012)
Project directors: JP. Darnis
Researchers: F.Di Camillo, N.Sartori, S.Silvestri, A.Veclani
Partners: EADS Cassidian (Coordinator), EADS Astrium, FOI; IAI and FRS (Subcontractors)
Sponsor: EDA
Through the definition and analysis of specific operational scenarios derived from Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) missions, the project aims at identifying and assess current gaps in European forces’ ISR (Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance) capabilities. Thanks to this initial assessment, the consortium should be able to characterise required assets as well as short- and long-term optimal architectures to establish a European integrated ISR system.

The Galileo Programme: management and financial lessons learned for future space systems paid put of the EU budget 
Project directors: JP.Darnis
Researchers: A. Veclani, V.Miranda
The study, prepared for the European Parliament, provides an overview of Galileo development and management from the outset until today. First proposed at the end of the 1990s, the programme has experienced a slow and problematic development due to concurrent and different factors, among which the failure of the envisaged public-private partnership (PPP) approach to financing, the ever increasing costs, the diverging opinions among EU Member States (MS) and within EU institutions, governance problems, and complex international negotiations still ongoing. On the contrary, today, the programme is totally financed by the EU and progresses achieved along 2011 are bringing it closer the initial operations, envisaged in 2014. Building on the analysis, some "lessons learned" for future space systems paid out of the EU budget are drawn.

Space and Security: the use of space in the context of CSDP
Project directors: JP.Darnis
Researchers: A. Veclani, V.Miranda
The study, prepared for the European Parliament, includes a twofold analysis. First, an analysis of CSDP missions and their operational context to be matched with the main space-based applications, including the EU flagship programmes GMES and Galileo. Second, an overview of the state-of-the-art of the different space programmes in Europe based on their compatibility with CSDP missions is provided. Building on this analysis, conclusions on the use of space in the context CSDP are drawn, focusing on strengths and weaknesses emerged. Finally, some recommendations addressed to the European Parliament are provided.

SPEED - Satellite system for Public safEty & sEcurity Domains
(May 2009 - November 2011)
Project directors: JP.Darnis
Researchers: F.Di Camillo, N.Sartori, S.Silvestri 
Partners: Astrium Satellite (Coordinator), EADS Defense and Security, IAI e KEMEA 
Sponsor: ESA 
The main objective of the project is to identify policy-drivers for the establishment and management of a European integrated mobile system for communications during public safety and security operations. The system should be able to provide end-users with an integrated satellite and terrestrial communication tool, capable of assuring coverage and effective performances in critical contexts (e.g. lack or destruction of infrastructure).

CBRNEmap - Road-mapping study of CBRNE demonstrator
(March 2010 - September 2011)
Project directors: F. Di Camillo
Researchers: V. Miranda
Partners: The European CBRNE Center (Coordinator); consortium of European research institutes and security and defence companies
Sponsor: European Union – 7th Framework Programme
The project aims to provide a road-map with guidelines to address future investments in the fields of research and technological development for an effective management of CBRNE (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosives) threats. These investments will help develop a demonstrator sponsored by the European Union's fifth Security Call (7th Framework Programme) to be launched in Summer 2011.

C-SPACE - Conditions for Space Policy and related Action Plan Consolidation in Europe 
(March 2010 - September 2011)
Project directors: JP.Darnis
Researchers: V.Briani, A.Veclani
Partners: FRS (Coordinator), consortium of European institutes and agencies for security and defence.
Sponsor: European Union - 7th Framework Programme
Objective of the C-Space project is the development of a comprehensive approach for an efficient and multi-sector (security, science, industry, etc.) European space policy:
- assessment of current orientations and possible horizons for a European space policy;
- analysis of existing and potential resources;
- collection of findings and recommendations to the European Commission for a more coherent European Space policy.
Reference Manual

CRESCENDO - Coordination action on Risks, Evolution of threatS and Context assessment by an Enlarged Network for an r&D rOadmap 
(July 2009 - June 2011)
Project directors: F.Di Camillo
Researchers: JP.Darnis, N.Sartori, V.Briani 
Partners: Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA, Coordinator), consortium of European research institutes and security and defence companies 
Sponsor: European Union - 7th Framework Programme
The project, within the PASR (Preparatory Action for Security Research), intends to create a network of European experts to assess the technological choices for security. The IAI is in charge of developing a network of experts together with institutes from the new Member States.
Website & Final conference

SANDERA - The future impact of defence and security on the European Research Area
(June 2009 - May 2011)
Project directors: A.Marrone
Researchers: JP.Darnis, S.Mezzadri, V.Miranda, S.Silvestri
Partners: Manchester Institute of Innovation Research - UNIMAN (Coordinator), consortium of European research institutes
Sponsor: European Union - 7th Framework Programme
The research project focuses on the future relationship between the European Research Area (ERA) and EU security ad defence policies, analyzing in particular how this latter's development, combined with technological change and the evolution of European science and technology policies could interact and affect the move towards the ERA as well as the 8th Framework Programme priorities.
Flyer

EU-US Security Strategies
(February 2010 - March 2011)
Project directors: JP.Darnis 
Researchers: R.Alcaro, V.Briani, F.Di Camillo, E.Greco, A.Marrone, S.Mezzadri, V.Miranda, M.Nones, N.Sartori, S.Silvestri, A.Veclani
Partners: Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS, Washington), Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (FRS, Paris), The Swedish Institute of International Affairs (UI, Stockholm)
Sponsor: European Commission-DG Relex
In this project, lasting 14 months, IAI acts as project leader. The study intends to provide a comparative analysis of the EU-US relationship with regard, in particular, to the definition of the security strategies of both actors, the evolution of their internal security, the security industry in the transatlantic context and the different approaches and perspectives of the respective transatlantic policies. The project includes two series of workshops to be held in Rome, Washington, Paris and Stockholm which involve both researchers of the four partner institutes and external experts. Two final conferences took place in Washington and Paris in March 2011.
Report

Analyse compétitive de la relation de coopération franco-italienne dans le domaine de la Défense
(April 2010 - February 2011)
Project directors: JP.Darnis
Researchers: A.Marrone, A.Veclani
Study commissioned by the Department of Strategic Affairs, French Ministry of Defence.

EUROCON - Study on State Control of Strategic Defence Assets
(November 2009 - November 2010)
Project directors: M.Nones
Researchers: F.Di Camillo, S.Mezzadri
Partners: Manchester Institute of Innovation Research – UNIMAN (Coordinator); consortium of Research Institutes including a law firm with an expertise in Community litigations
Sponsor: European Union - 7th Framework Programme
The research analyses the EU member states’ regimes for the control of the defence strategic assets. It is widely based on interviews to the responsible of the implementation of these regimes. Through the analysis of the pros and cons of the different regulations, the study intends to elaborate a model to ensure a harmonized control at the European level. This optimal model, to be recommended to the European Commission, will take into account various aspects such as the impact on industry, costs incurred as well as the political and legal feasibility.

LIMES - Land/Sea Integrated Monitoring for European Security
(December 2006 - May 2010)
Project directors: JP. Darnis
Researchers: V.Briani, S.Silvestri
Partners:Telespazio (Coordinator). Consortium of European companies and research institutes with the principal aerospace industries. IAI works in collaboration with the Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (FRS, Paris)
Sponsor: European Space Agency (ESA)/European Union - 6th Framework Programme
This programme aims to analyse and develop satellite services for security applications within the framework of the third part of the GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security) programme for the Security segment.

MAGES - Mature Application of Galileo for Emergency Scenario
(October 2007 - March 2010)
Project directors: JP.Darnis
Researchers: V.Miranda, S.Silvestri 
Partners: EADS Astrium UK (Coordinator). Consortium of European companies and research institutes 
Sponsor: European GNSS Supervisory Authority (GSA) 
This programme assesses and develop future emergency services for the satellite system GNSS Galileo

DEFSEC - Study on industrial implications in Europe of the blurring of dividing lines between Security and Defence
(December 2008 - January 2010)
Project directors: JP.Darnis
Researchers: V.Briani, S.Mezzadri, M.Nones, N.Sartori, S.Silvestri
Partners: Institut de Relation Internationales et Strategique (IRIS), University of Manchester
Sponsor: European Commission - DG Enterprise
The study, commissioned by the European Commission DG Enterprise and Industry, aims to analyze the industrial and market implications of the blurring between the concepts of Security and Defence, both at the European level and in Italy, France, Germany and the UK. IAI acts as project leader.
Final Report

OPERAMAR (An InterOPERAble Approach to European Union MARitime Security Management) 
(March 2008 - May 2009)
Project directors: F.Di Camillo, JP.Darnis
Researchers: G.Gasparini, V.Miranda, M.Orzan, S.Silvestri
Partners: Thales Underwater Systems SAS (coordinator) and European industries and research centres network
Sponsor: European Union - 6th Framework Programme
The main purpose of this research project is to propose a model of interoperability for "Pan-European Maritime Security Awareness". In particular, such a models is supposed to reduce the fragmentation characterising data management as a result of the differences existing between the organisations in charge and their procedures, both at national and European level.

Foreign investment in the emerging European security and defence market 
(January - November 2008)
Project directors: M. Nones 
Researchers: G.Gasparini, J.P. Darnis, F. Di Camillo, L. Marta 
Sponsor: Centro Militare di Studi Strategici - CeMiSS
The aim of the study was to analyze the risks related to the purchase by foreign investors of industries operating in the security and defence sector. The study looked into supply and product security and technology transfer processes. The study examined the experiences of some European countries (United Kingdom, France, Germany and Spain) that have implemented measures at the national level, as well as possible initiatives to undertake at the European level, assessing the features of the Italian market to be safeguarded.

Study on Suitable Governance and Data Policy models for a European Space Situational Awareness (SSA) System
(February - November 2008)
Researchers: G. Gasparini, J.P. Darnis, L. Marta
Sponsor: ESA 
The study was commissioned by the European Space Agency (ESA) from a consortium led by FRS (Fondation pour la Récherche Stratégique, Paris). The study aimed to analyse a future European Space Situational Awareness (SSA) system, that is a system for surveillance of the space environment in the terrestrial orbit. The SSA is an innovative system with strong international implications from the strategic, political, technological and industrial point of view. In particular, the project's objective was to draw up options to establish suitable governance and data policies for the information that will potentially be acquired by a future European SSA system, considering such critical issues as legal aspects and the confidentiality of the information in a cooperative European framework.

The role of the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) in Italy and Europe 
(December 2007 - October 2008)
Project directors: M. Nones
Researcher: G. Gasparini
Research Assistant: A. Marrone
The research project aimed at analyzing Italy's and Europe's investment in the JSF aeronautical program, providing suggestions on how to improve the program's performance at the European level. Participation in the program and acquisition of the US multimode Joint Strike Fighter aircraft by Italy and other European countries will produce long-term strategic, operational, economic and industrial effects. Adequate knowledge of the consequences are therefore required to be able to advise political, military and industrial policymakers. The study defined some options for strengthening the program's cooperative European dimension, with particular attention to Italy. Among the reserch outlets were a volume and a conference.

BIO3R (Bio-terrorism, Research, Reaction, Resilience) 
(February 2007 - July 2008)
Project directors: F.Di Camillo, S.Silvestri; Researchers: JP.Darnis, G.Gasparini, M.Nones 
Partners: FRS (Coordinator) and consortium of European research institutes 
Sponsor: European Union - 6th Framework Programme 
Within the framework of the European Commission's Supporting Activity for the PASR 2006 (Preparatory Action for Security Research), this programme aims to analyse operational and technological requirements in the event of bio-terrorist attacks on a European level.

Italy and the anti-ballistic missile defence programs 
(January 2008 - June 2008)
Project directors: S. Silvestri
Researcher: G. Gasparini
The project analyzed the strategic, political, economic, technological and industrial implications of Italy's participation in the anti-ballistic missile defence programs proposed by the US and NATO. The American decision to base some components of its antimissile system on European territory opened a heated debate, especially at the political and strategic levels. NATO, for its part, is developing its own approach to the problem of area and theatre defence, to which Italy is already committed through international programs such as MEADS. The study aimed to broaden knowledge of the basic elements of the programs and Italian actors' positions on the subject, stimulating a thorough debate among the various institutional, military and industrial stakeholders.

Staccato (STAkeholders platform for supply Chain mapping, market Conditions Analysis and Technologies Opportunities)

(January 2007 - September 2008) Project directors: JP. Darnis, G. Gasparini.  Partners: AeroSpace and Defence (ASD)  Sponsor: EC

STACCATO  - a follow up activity of SeNTRE  - was a European funded supporting activity under the Preparatory Action for Security Research (PASR).
With the view to map the competences of the supply chain and to establish a multi-sector stakeholder platform, STACCATO involved End Users, Government agencies, Think Thanks, Research Institutes, Academia and the wider industrial community, with specific attention to SMEs and competences in the new Member States.
During its lifetime , STACCATO organised a large number of workshops and meetings along several missions – both demand-driven and supply-chain driven. 

Main Conclusions and Recommendations and Executive Summary of the Final Study Report (pdf, 1227 kb)
ASD website

The cost of Non-Europe in the field of satellite based systems
(January - May 2007)
Researchers: G.Gasparini, JP.Darnis
Junior Researcher: L. Marta
The study, commissioned by the Subcommittee Security and Defence of the European Parliament to IAI and FRS (Fondation pour la recherche stratégique, Paris), aimed to analyse space capabilities and their relevance for the European Defence and Security Policy. The study, focused on earth observation and telecommunications assets, considered the problems at the base of their (non) European integration, wishing a future convergence. To this aim, the research suggested possible models of integration and elaborated recommendations for the European Parliament to contribute to this effort.
The European Parliament has published on-line the content of the hearing held in Bruxelles the 2nd of May including the papers of the researchers involved in the project. 

Summary of the public hearing:
       G.Gasparini
       JP.Darnis
Full text of study 

MEDI (Mapping of the European Defence Industry) 
(May 2006-April 2007)
Project directors: M. Nones; G. Gasparini;
Junior Researcher: L. Marta
Partners: JRC (Joint Research Center)
IAI role in MEDI was to support JRC (Joint Research Center) and the EU Commission's DG Market and Enterprise in gathering data and analyses related to defence industry and budgets in Italy, within a greater European framework

La Turchia e la sicurezza europea
(October 2004 - July 2006)
IAI Participants : S. Silvestri, M. Nones, G. Gasparini, IAI

see section "Turkey"

Advanced Space Technologies to Support Security Operations - ASTRO+ Project
(2005-2006)
This 15-month project, coordinated by Eads Astrium in the framework of the “Preparatory Action in the field of Security Research” - Pasr 2004, shown the benefits that would derive from the use of space resources – telecommunications, land observation, navigation –  an adequate response to the EU members’ demand for security.
The aims of this project were:
- building a task force of stakeholders and users to determine the main needs to be met with space services and infrastructure;
- demonstrating the added value of certain services by means of demonstrations in the field;
- proposing short-term solutions for security needs;
- setting guidelies for the technological research.
The IAI in particular contributed to the analysis of the concepts and the demonstrations and the engagement of security users trough the organisation of meetings and seminars.
Further details

Definition of European Security Objectives – Security Network for Technological Research in Europe (SeNTRE)
(2004-2005)
A project defining the objectives and typologies of European security. in collaboration with the Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (FRS), Paris, Led by the ASD (Aeronautic Space and Defence, the association bringing together European aerospace and defence industries), the IAI’s contribution involved identifying security scenarios and contacting various Italian and European institutional actors in the field of security in an attempt to work out requirements in terms of capacity and technological proposals. The project, to be undertaken before the end of 2004, will be concluded by December 2005. This is a particularly important result for the IAI in that it is the Commission’s first preparatory programme on security and is likely to lead to important developments in the subsequent framework programme. Furthermore, the IAI is involved in both projects of importance for Italy approved by the Commission.

Cooperative lessons learned and best practice in Defence Procurement
(June 2006 - December 2006) 
Project directors: G. Gasparini; IAI participants: JP Darnis; Researcher: F. Di Camillo Partners: Institut de Relations Internationales et stratégiques (IRIS, Paris) (Coordinator), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik (DGAP, Berlin), Center for European Reform (CER, London) 
Sponsor: European Defence Agency (EDA) 
Analysis and consulting aimed at identify the industrial cooperation modalities in the defence sector EDA member States.

Research "Space and Security in Europe"
(February 2003 - October 2003)
Project directors: M.Nones, S.Silvestri
Researchers: J-P.Darnis, G.Gasparini
Following a 2002 research project on the relations between the European Security and Defence Policy and the space sector (see IAI Quaderni, n.15), the IAI conducted an  international study on Space and Security in Europe, funded by the European Space Agency (ESA).
The IAI led a Research Group that included the Centre for European Reform (CER), London, the  Deutsche Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik (DGAP), Berlin, the European Union Institute for Security Studies (EU-ISS), Paris, the Fondation pour la Recherche Stratégique (FRS), Paris,  the Institut d’Etudes Européennes (IEE) of the University of Louvaine and the Real Instituto Elcano des Estudios Internacionales y Estratégicos, Madrid.
The research group was investigating the political, institutional and economics aspects of the European space activities in the security field, as well as the prospective of a common European space security policy.
The final report of the research is available on this website.

Executive Summary(pdf, 188 kb, in English; also available in French and German)
Research Report(zip/pdf, 504 Kb, in English)

The Space Dimension of Security and Defence Policy
(March 2001 - March 2002)
Project directors: M.Nones, S.Silvestri
Researcher: G.Gasparini
This research project examined the prospects for adopting space technology in implementing the European security and defence policy in the framework of transatlantic cooperation. During the first phase, papers were prepared by Italian and foreign authors and a meeting of experts and exponents from the military, industrial and scientific communities was held in Rome in March 2002 and published as a IAI Quaderno.

The armed forces' logistics support system. Problems and prospects
(May 2000 - November 2001)
Project directors: M. Nones
Researcher: M. Cremasco
The study examined the requirements pressing for a modern national logistics support system and the problems linked to implementing and managing it, in light of the international experience which seems to favour outsourcing. At the same time, organisation of the European logistic system will soon be one of the most important and qualifying points in the development of Europe's military capacity decided upon at the Helsinki European summit in support of the common European security and defence policy (CESDP). The final report was published in the IAI Quaderni series.

The process of globalisation: security and defence policy, Europe and Italy
(August 2000 - February 2001)
Project directors: S.Silvestri
The project investigated a number of topics and case studies concerning globalisation as related to security and defence policy. The research analysed specific contributions that deal with the following subjects: civilian and military international organisations and security management; the transatlantic and the global dimensions; consensus and institutions; the CFSP and CESDP; the Asian dimension and the evolution of international governance.

The role of the helicopter in the new military scenario: the Italian outlook
(December 1999 - October 2000)
Project directors: M. Nones, S. Silvestri
Researcher: G. Gasparini
This research project started with an examination of recent military experiences and the strategic debate and moved toward consideration of the effective potentials of the helicopter in the new international military scenario, with special reference to the Italian case.

The results were published in the series IAI Quaderni and presented at a round table held in Rome, in October 2000.


Enhancing multilateral export control for US national security
(July - October 2000)
Project directors: G. Bonvicini, S. Silvestri
Researcher: G. Gasparini
Supported by the US Congress and House of Representatives, this initiative aimed to evaluate the options for improving multilateral controls of military and dual-use technology exports. Two American institutions, the CSIS (Simon Serfaty) and the Stimson Center were charged with comparing US proposals with those of its major European partners. In Italy, the IAI was asked to organise study meetings and to write a background paper on the control systems in Italy and to assess the current multilateral system. A meeting with American experts and officials was organized at the end of October 2000 to gather information and evaluations of the two countries.